Kubernetes V1.16.2部署Dashboard V2.0(beta5)

Vecloud

kubeadm是官方社区推出的一个用于快速部署kubernetes集群的工具。
1.安装要求在开始之前，部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件：
一台或多台机器，操作系统 CentOS7.6-86_x64硬件配置：4GB或更多RAM，4个CPU或更多CPU，硬盘30GB或更多集群中所有机器之间网络互通禁止swap分区2. 准备环境关闭防火墙：systemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalld关闭selinux：sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config setenforce 0关闭swap：swapoff -a ?$ 临时sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab ?$ 永久添加主机名与IP对应关系（记得设置主机名）：$ cat >> /etc/hosts<<EOF9.110.187.120 k8s-master9.110.187.125 k8s-node19.110.187.126 k8s-node2EOF将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链：$ cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOFnet.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1EOF$ sysctl --system3. 所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubeletKubernetes默认CRI（容器运行时）为Docker，因此先安装Docker。
3.1 安装Docker$ wget docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo$ yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7$ systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker$ docker --versionDocker version 18.06.1-ce, build e68fc7a$ yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r3.2 添加阿里云YUM软件源$ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF[kubernetes]name=Kubernetesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64enabled=1gpgcheck=0repo_gpgcheck=0gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpgEOF3.3 安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl由于版本更新频繁，这里指定版本号部署：
yum install -y kubelet-1.16.2 kubeadm-1.16.2 kubectl-1.16.2 bash-completion wgetsystemctl enable kubelet4. 部署Kubernetes Master在9.110.187.120（Master）执行。
$ kubeadm init \ ?--apiserver-advertise-address=9.110.187.120 \ ?--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \ ?--kubernetes-version v1.16.2 \ ?--service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 \ ?--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16由于默认拉取镜像地址k8s.gcr.io国内无法访问，这里指定阿里云镜像仓库地址。
使用kubectl工具：
mkdir -p $HOME/.kubesudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/configsudo chown $(id -u)(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config$ kubectl get nodes5. 安装Pod网络插件（CNI）$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml如果下载失败，可以改成这个镜像地址：lizhenliang/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64

6. 加入Kubernetes Node在9.110.187.125/126（Node）执行。
向集群添加新节点，执行在kubeadm init输出的kubeadm join命令：
$ kubeadm join 9.110.187.120:6443 --token esce21.q6hetwm8si29qxwn \ ???--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:00603a05805807501d7181c3d60b478788408cfe6cedefedb1f97569708be9c57. 测试kubernetes集群在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行：
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx.1.16kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePortkubectl get pods -A ?-o widekubectl describe pod nginx-86c57db685-frwwt访问地址：http://NodeIPort ?

8. Kubernetes V1.16.2部署Dashboard V2.0(beta5)$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.0.0-beta5/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml修改recommended.yaml文件内容(vi recommended.yaml)：
---#增加直接访问端口kind: ServiceapiVersion: v1metadata: ?labels: ???k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard ?name: kubernetes-dashboard ?namespace: kubernetes-dashboardspec: ?type: NodePort #增加 ?ports: ???- port: 443 ?????targetPort: 8443 ?????nodePort: 30001 #增加 ?selector: ???k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard---#因为自动生成的证书很多浏览器无法使用，所以我们自己创建，注释掉kubernetes-dashboard-certs对象声明#apiVersion: v1#kind: Secret#metadata:# ?labels:# ???k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard# ?name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs# ?namespace: kubernetes-dashboard#type: Opaque---创建证书mkdir dashboard-certscd dashboard-certs/#创建命名空间kubectl create namespace kubernetes-dashboard ???#yaml里会自动创建，可以不用单独创建# 创建key文件openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048#证书请求openssl req -days 36000 -new -out dashboard.csr -key dashboard.key -subj '/CN=dashboard-cert'#自签证书openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt#创建kubernetes-dashboard-certs对象kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=dashboard.key --from-file=dashboard.crt -n kubernetes-dashboard部署Dashboard

涉及到的两个镜像可以先下载下来#安装kubectl create -f ?~/recommended.yaml#检查结果kubectl get pods -A ?-o widekubectl get service -n kubernetes-dashboard ?-o wide9.创建dashboard管理员cat >> dashboard-admin.yaml<<EOFapiVersion: v1kind: ServiceAccountmetadata: ?labels: ???k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard ?name: dashboard-admin ?namespace: kubernetes-dashboardEOFkubectl create -f dashboard-admin.yaml为用户分配权限：cat >>dashboard-admin-bind-cluster-role.yaml<<EOFapiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRoleBindingmetadata: ?name: dashboard-admin-bind-cluster-role ?labels: ???k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboardroleRef: ?apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io ?kind: ClusterRole ?name: cluster-adminsubjects:- kind: ServiceAccount ?name: dashboard-admin ?namespace: kubernetes-dashboardEOFkubectl create -f dashboard-admin-bind-cluster-role.yaml访问地址：http://NodeIP:30001

创建service account并绑定默认cluster-admin管理员集群角色：
$ kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin$ kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')使用输出的token登录Dashboard。
10.安装metrics-server在Node1/Node2上下载镜像文件：
docker pull bluersw/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6docker tag bluersw/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6 k8s.gcr.io/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6 ?在Master上执行安装：
git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/metrics-server.gitcd metrics-server/deploy/1.8+/修改metrics-server-deployment.yamlimage: k8s.gcr.io/metrics-server-amd64 ?#在image下添加一下内容 ???????command: ???????- /metrics-server ???????- --metric-resolution=30s ???????- --kubelet-insecure-tls ???????- --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP查找runAsNonRoot: true ?修改为runAsNonRoot: falsekubectl create -f .如果不能获取不到镜像可以更改image: mirrorgooglecontainers/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.6